Drug updated on 4/17/2024
| Dosage Form | Injection (subcutaneous; 150 mg/mL) |
| Drug Class | Interleukin-1β blockers |
| Ongoing and Completed Studies | ClinicalTrials.gov |
Indication
- Indicated for the treatment of periodic fever syndromes: Cryopyrin-Associated Periodic Syndromes (CAPS), in adults and children 4 years of age and older, including: Familial Cold Auto-inflammatory Syndorme (FCAS) and Muckle-Wells Syndrome (MWS).
- Indicated for the treatment of periodic fever syndromes: Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Associated Periodic Syndrome (TRAPS) in adult and pediatric patients.
- Indicated for the treatment of periodic fever syndromes: Hyperimmunoglobulin D Syndrome (HIDS)/Mevalonate Kinase Deficiency (MKD) in adult and pediatric patients.
- Indicated for the treatment of periodic fever syndromes: Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) in adult and pediatric patients.
- Indicated for the treatment of Active Still’s disease, including Adult-Onset Still’s Disease (AOSD) and Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (SJIA) in patients aged 2 years and older.
- Indicated for the treatment of Gout flares in adults in whom non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and colchicine are contraindicated, are not tolerated, or do not provide an adequate response, and in whom repeated courses of corticosteroids are not appropriate.
Summary
- Canakinumab (Ilaris) is a human monoclonal antibody targeting interleukin-1 beta, used for treating various auto-inflammatory syndromes such as Cryopyrin-Associated Periodic Syndromes, Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Associated Periodic Syndrome, Hyperimmunoglobulin D Syndrome/Mevalonate Kinase Deficiency, Familial Mediterranean Fever, Active Still’s Disease, and Gout flares.
- Fifteen systematic reviews/meta-analyses were analyzed to gather information about the drug's effectiveness and safety profile.
- In comparison with triamcinolone in Gout flare treatment scenarios where standard therapies are unsuitable, canakinumab significantly improved patient outcomes by reducing serum hsCRP and Amyloid A levels, along with improving patient and physician global assessments. It also outperformed anakinra and rilonacept in reducing Visual Analogue Scale score frequency of gout flares.
- For Familial Mediterranean Fever cases resistant or intolerant to colchicine; both adult and pediatric populations displayed high efficacy rates under anti-interleukin therapy using canakinumab. Studies indicated that 60% of adult patients achieved complete remission, while this figure was higher at 81% for pediatric patients.
- Canakinumab demonstrated significant efficacy in producing complete remission of systemic manifestations associated with Adult-Onset Still’s Disease and had the highest probability of being the best treatment option for Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis without posing any significant risk related to serious adverse events.
- Pregnancy-related considerations indicate that the use of canakinumab did not increase the rate of adverse perinatal outcomes, suggesting its safe usage during the pregnancy period when dealing with inflammatory diseases.
- In terms of attack prevention and inflammation reduction, especially in colchicine-resistant Familial Mediterranean Fever cases, evidence suggested favorable outcomes with canakinumab, which resulted in a significant reduction in participants experiencing attacks and a decrease in CRP levels.
- The comparative analysis with other treatments such as corticosteroids, NSAIDs, and IL-1β inhibitors like anakinra and rilonacept showed that canakinumab often had superior efficacy in symptom control, along with a manageable safety profile.
Product Monograph / Prescribing Information
| Document Title | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Ilaris (canakinumab) Prescribing Information. | 2023 | Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation East Hanover, NJ |
Systematic Reviews / Meta-Analyses
Clinical Practice Guidelines
| Document Title | Year | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Adult-onset Still's disease: diagnosis and treatment according to the new S2e guidelines of the German Society of Rheumatology (DGRh). | 2023 | Die Dermatologie |